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Set up the network If a LAN or other network connection is already connecting the computer on which you want to use NFS (using TCP/IP as the network transport), you already have the network you need. 2. On the server, choose what to share Decide which file systems on your Linux NFS server you want to be available to other computers. You can choose any point in the file system to make all files and directories below that point accessible to other computers. 3. On the server, set up security There are several different security features that you can use to suit the level of security with which you are comfortable. Mount-level security lets you restrict the computers that can mount a resource and, for those allowed to mount it, lets you specify whether it can be mounted read/write or read-only. With user-level security, you map users from the client systems to users on the NFS server. In this way, users can rely on standard Linux read/write/execute permissions, file ownership, and group permissions to access and protect files. 4. On the client, mount the file system Each client computer that is allowed access to the server s NFS shared file system can mount it anywhere the client chooses. For example, you may mount a file system from a computer called maple on the /mnt/maple directory in your local file system. After it is mounted, you can view the contents of that directory by typing ls /mnt/maple. Then you can use the cd command below the /mnt/maple mount point to see the files and directories it contains. Figure 18-1 illustrates a Linux file server using NFS to share (export) a file system and a client computer mounting the file system to make it available to its local users. Figure 18-1: NFS can make selected file systems available to other computers. In this example, a computer named oak makes its /apps/bin directory available to clients on the network (pine, maple, and spruce) by adding an entry to the /etc/exports file. The client computer (pine) sees that the resource is available, then mounts the resource on its local file system at the mount point /oak/apps. At this point, any files, directories, or subdirectories from /apps/bin on oak are available to users on pine (given proper permissions). Although it is often used as a file server (or other type of server), Red Hat Linux is a general-purpose operating system. So, any Red Hat Linux system can share file systems (export) as a server or use other computer s file systems (mount) as a client. Contrast this with dedicated file servers, such as NetWare, which can only share files with client computers (such as Windows workstations) and will never act as a client.
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