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The questions you need to answer when choosing a hub are how many ports you need and how fast you want your network to go. If you need to expand in the future, hubs can be connected together. Choice of speeds is 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps. The higher speed means more expensive cards and a more expensive hub, but significantly better performance. Some 10 Mbps hubs offer one or more coaxial connectors. Switches A switch lets you divide subnetworks that are getting too large into segments that are more manageable. A switch can reduce network traffic by directing messages intended for a specific computer directly to that computer. This is as opposed to a hub, which broadcasts all data to all nodes. One piece of equipment that I won t go into yet is a router. A router is used to direct information from the LAN to other LANs or the Internet. Cross-Reference Machines that carry out routing functions are described in Chapter 16. Choosing peer-to-peer vs. client/server models Although the Ethernet hub sees all computers on the network as equal, the computers on that hub can actually play different roles. The models used to describe the two general types of computing environments are client/server and peer-to-peer. Red Hat Linux is usually described as a server computer. However, Red Hat Linux can also function quite happily as a client machine or in a peer-to-peer network. Client/server model In a client/server model, one or more server computers manage most network services. The server acts as a focal point for administration and security of the network. It may also control printers, databases of information, backup media, and other resources that need to be made available to client computers on the network. The client is the person (or more correctly, the software program) that requests services from the network. A server computer can act as a server for some or all of these services: Print Server This maintains and manages one or more printers. File Server A central repository for documents and databases of information. Mail Server This gathers e-mail intended for clients on the network and makes it accessible to those clients. FTP Server This is used to make files available to users who log in to the server over the network. (Anonymous FTP is a way of making files available to strangers.) Web Server This makes Web pages (HTML) and related content available to users on the network. News Server This gathers messages from Usenet newsgroups, allowing users to read and respond to topics of interest.
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