Dynamic Addresses With dynamic addresses, a client (Web design seattle)
Dynamic Addresses With dynamic addresses, a client computer gets its IP address assigned from a server on the network when the client boots. The most popular protocol for providing dynamic addresses is called Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. With this method, a client computer wouldn’t necessarily have the same IP address each time it boots. For this first example, let s assume that you are setting up a LAN with no outside connections. So, in this section I describe how to use static IP addresses. This is where each computer has a hard IP address and maintains its own list of host names and IP addresses for the computers it communicates with. This will work fine for communicating with a few computers on a LAN. Tip If you expect to add and remove computers regularly from your LAN or if you have a limited number of IP addresses, you should use DHCP to assign IP addresses. Chapter 23 describes how to set up a DHCP server. Understanding IP addresses An IP address is a four-part number, with each part represented by a number from 0 to 255 (256 numbers total). Part of that IP address represents the network the computer exists on, whereas the remainder identifies the specific host on that network. Here is an example of an IP address: 192.168.35.121 Originally, IP addresses were grouped together and assigned to an organization that needed IP addresses, based on IP address classes. Later, a more efficient method, referred to as Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR), was created to improve routing and waste fewer IP addresses. These two IP address methods are described in the following sections. IP address classes Unfortunately, it s not so easy to understand which part of an IP address represents the network and which represents the host without some explanation of how IP addresses are structured. The way IP addresses are assigned is that a network administrator is given a pool of addresses. The administrator can assign specific host addresses within that pool as new computers are added to the organization s local network. There are three basic classes of IP addresses, each representing a different size network: Class A Each Class A address has a number between 0 and 127 as its first part. Host numbers within a Class A network are represented by any combination of numbers in the next three parts. A class A network therefore contains millions of host numbers (approximately 256 X 256 X 256, with a few special numbers being invalid). Whole Class A networks were once assigned only to the largest organizations but, I have been told, are no longer assigned. A valid Class A network number is: 24. Class B A Class B IP address has a number between 128 and 191 in its first part. With a Class B network, however, the second part also represents the network. This enables a Class B network to have more than 64,000 host addresses (256 X 256). A whole Class B network is also rarely assigned. A valid Class B network number is: 135.84 Class C A Class C IP address begins with a number between 192 and 223 in its first part. With a Class C network, the first three parts of an IP address represent the network, whereas only the last part represents a specific host. This makes it so each Class C network can have 254 numbers (the numbers
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