Default Gateway Device (Web hosting servers) If you reach the
Default Gateway Device If you reach the Internet using a dynamic address that is assigned when you connect to a particular interface, you would enter that interface here. For example, if you had a dial-up interface to the Internet on the first PPP device, you would enter ppp0 as the default gateway device as follows: GATEWAYDEV=ppp0 When you are done, the contents of this file should look similar to the following: NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=maple DOMAINNAME=handsonhistory.com #GATEWAY= GATEWAYDEV=ppp0 In this case, the computer is configured to route packets over a dial-up connection to the Internet (ppp0). 2. Turn on IP packet forwarding. One way to do this is to change the value of net.ipv4.ip_forward to 1 in the /etc/sysctl.conf file. Open that file as root user with any text editor and change the line to appear as follows: net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 3. If the computers on your LAN have valid IP addresses, skip ahead to the section on configuring Red Hat Linux routing clients. If your computers have private IP addresses, continue with this procedure. Caution The ipchains example in the next step is not terribly secure, although in most cases it will get routing up and going. I recommend that you read the IP masquerading section later in this chapter, as well as Chapter 14, for information on firewalls and other security issues. 4. To get IP masquerading going on your Red Hat Linux router, you need to define which addresses will be masqueraded and forwarded. Here is an example where all computers on the LAN with a network number of 10.0.0.0 are accepted for forwarding and masquerading: # ipchains -P forward DENY # ipchains -A forward -i ppp0 -s 10.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 -j MASQ This example shows that, by default, forwarding is denied (DENY). Forwarding is done, however, for a computer on the network 10.0.0.0 (with a netmask of 255.0.0.0); packets will be forwarded to the ppp0 interface and masqueraded (MASQ) as if they came from the local Red Hat Linux system. You could use a shorter notation for entering the netmask. For a class A, B, or C network, the value is 8, 16, or 24, respectively. Instead of allowing the whole network, you could also just allow individual hosts. For example, you could have separate forward lines for 10.0.0.10, 10.0.0.11, 10.0.0.12, and so forth. To set up your forwarding rules permanently, you can add them to the ipchains configuration file. This will run the rules each time the system reboots (or the network restarts). If you added the rules described above to the /etc/sysconfig/ipchains file, the file would appear as follows: :input ACCEPT :forward ACCEPT -P forward DENY
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